TIMSS results show that there is variation among countries in the intended instructional time prescribed by the curriculum and in the actual time of implementation in the classroom. For this reason, TIMSS 2019 will collect information from teachers and principals on instructional time. Key to curriculum implementation is the amount of instructional time teachers have to teach the mathematics and science curricula. TIMSS 2019 will collect this information by asking the mathematics and science teachers of the participating students to indicate whether each of the topics assessed has been covered in class in current or previous years.
Since the first cycle of TIMSS in 1995, TIMSS has collected extensive data on the implemented curriculum-documenting the extent to which the mathematics and science topics in the TIMSS frameworks are covered in the classroom. TIMSS Mathematics and Science Topics Taught Research also has found that teachers continue to develop pedagogical skills after five years of experience, and that this development can positively affect student achievement (Harris & Sass, 2011).
In addition to education and training, teaching experience is essential, and the first years of teaching are especially important for teacher development (Harris & Sass, 2011 Leigh, 2010).
CONTEXTS FOR INQUIRY PROFESSIONAL
The TIMSS 2015 Encyclopedia shows that many countries are increasing efforts to provide teachers with professional development opportunities. Professional development is especially important for exposing teachers to recent developments such as curricular changes or new technology for classroom instruction. Professional development through seminars, workshops, and conferences can help teachers increase their effectiveness and broaden their knowledge (Blank & de las Alas, 2009 Yoon, Duncan, Lee, Scarloss, & Shapley, 2007). Preparation is critical for effective teaching (Darling-Hammond, 2000 Hill, Rowan, & Ball, 2005), and prospective teachers need coursework to gain knowledge in the subjects that they will teach, to understand about how students learn, and to learn about effective pedagogy in teaching mathematics and science. Through the teacher questionnaire, TIMSS 2019 will collect extensive data on teacher preparation, professional development, and teaching experience.
CONTEXTS FOR INQUIRY DOWNLOAD
Download TIMSS 2019 Context Questionnaire Framework (pdf) Classroom Contextsīecause most teaching and learning in school takes place in the classroom, successful learning is likely to be influenced by the classroom environment and instructional activities.
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